Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change Issues in Tetritskaro Municipality, Georgia.

Agriculture is the traditional and leading field of economy of Tetritskaro Municipality, but it faces the challenge of changing climate. The study examines the perceptions of climate change among male and female farmers in Tetritskaro, including their primary sources of information, chosen adaptation measures, and their respective needs. Climate change data that are available in Tetritskaro focused on characteristic extreme weather events coupled with face-to-face interviews from 254 farmers (male - 53%, female - 47%) was analyzed. The study revealed that men and women have more or less similar perceptions of climate change issues. Male farmers primarily rely on conversations with fellow farmers for information on climate, seasonal prediction, and weather forecasts, while female farmers depend on indigenous knowledge of the local environment. Male and female farmers have adapted to the changes in climate similarly by applying some measures, while the exchange of information between fellow farmers, use of various hail protection products, and crop diversification techniques are more frequent among male farmers. Farmers expressed the need for low-interest loans to purchase agricultural products and equipment and restore/create windbreak zones. Most of the male farmers indicate the need for the introduction of new technologies, while female farmers are more in need of training in agricultural activities. The reliance on the experience of other farmers can be seen as a form of social learning and knowledge sharing. Understanding and respecting these local communication channels and sources of knowledge is important for designing effective extension programs and information campaigns. Addressing the traditional men-women roles and cultural and social norms is critical to increasing the adaptation opportunities of female farmers. The study highlights the necessity of developing climate change adaptation policies and interventions in Tetritskaro. The obtained results can be used in other agricultural regions with the same problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]