Retraction Note: Design and development of a hybrid (SDN + SOM) approach for enhancing security in VANET.

The article titled "Design and development of a hybrid (SDN + SOM) approach for enhancing security in VANET" has been retracted by the publisher, Applied Nanoscience. The retraction was made due to concerns regarding compromised editorial handling and peer review process, inappropriate or irrelevant references, and the article not being in scope of the journal or guest-edited issue. The authors have not responded to correspondence regarding this retraction. Springer Nature, the publisher, remains neutral in terms of jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. [Extracted from the article]