Tilapia Head Glycolipid Alleviates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer via Regulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Through COX/PGE2 Signaling Pathway in Adult Rats.

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the ameliorative effect and molecular mechanism of tilapia head glycolipid (TH-GL) on indomethacin (IDM)-induced gastric ulcer in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The gastric ulcer model was established by oral administration of 30 mg kg⁻¹ IDM after 7 days of TH-GL or omeprazole (OME) administration in rats. Then the macroscopic gastric injury symptoms, gastric mucosa protective factor cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), the levels of oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokine expression levels in the rats were analyzed. The experimental results showed that multiple ulcers appeared on the gastric surface of the rats in the model group. Compared to the model group, TH-GL significantly alleviated gastric ulcers and reduced the gastric damage index in rats. In addition, TH-GL significantly promoted the expression of constitutive enzyme COX-1 while inhibited the expression of inducible enzyme COX-2, and make PGE₂ maintain at normal levels. TH-GL also inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content, decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the content of pro-inflammatory factor. In conclusion, these results suggested that TH-GL could maintain the expression levels of COX-1 and PGE₂ while inhibit the expression of COX-2 in the gastric of rat and then prevent IDM-induced gastric ulcer, which may be related to the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Therefore, TH-GL might be a new option for the prevention of gastric diseases induced by IDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]