Translational pathology in drug discovery.

The article discusses the field of translational pathology in drug discovery, which aims to combine disciplines and techniques to enhance prevention, diagnosis, and therapies. Translational pathology involves translating clinical data into basic research and applying knowledge gained from basic science research to clinical practice. The authors argue that translational pathology can improve the drug discovery process by helping to overcome obstacles and bridge the gap between basic research and clinical trials. They highlight the potential use of pathohistological evaluation in target validation, in vitro and in vivo screening, pharmacokinetic studies, and clinical trials. The article emphasizes the need to understand the limitations of animal models in relation to human disease and the importance of investigating the expression and function of target-expressing cell types in both naive tissue and disease models. The article also highlights the heterogeneity of tissue composition and cell types within tumor samples, which has implications for treatment outcomes. Pathological evaluation is suggested as a valuable tool for assessing drug distribution and understanding disease pathophysiology. The article concludes by discussing the role of translational pathology in personalized medicine and the identification of drug targets. The document provides a list of references from various scientific articles related to topics such as transgenic and gene knockout mouse models, integrins in cancer progression, personalized therapy selection, drug discovery and development, and the challenges of translational pathology. [Extracted from the article]