Exploring the Effect of the Solvothermal Time on the Structural Properties and Catalytic Activity of Cu-ZnO-ZrO 2 Catalysts Synthesized by the Solvothermal Method for CO 2 Hydrogenation to Methanol.

A series of Cu-ZnO-ZrO₂ (CCZ) catalysts were prepared by the solvothermal method with different solvothermal times (1 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h). The physicochemical properties of these catalysts and the catalytic performance for CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol were studied. The highest methanol yield was achieved when the solvothermal time was 6 h (CCZ-6). Furthermore, we found that the copper surface area (S_Cu) increases and then decreases with an increase in the solvothermal time and that there is a strong correlation between the methanol yield and the S_Cu. This research highlights the crucial influence of the solvothermal time on the structure and catalytic behavior of Cu-ZnO-ZrO₂ catalysts, providing a valuable reference for the development of efficient catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]