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The Role of Zinc in the Development of Vascular Dementia and Parkinson's Disease and the Potential of Carnosine as Their Therapeutic Agent.

Authors :
Mizuno, Dai
Kawahara, Masahiro
Konoha-Mizuno, Keiko
Hama, Ryoji
Ogawara, Terumasa
Source :
Biomedicines; Jun2024, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p1296, 16p
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Synaptic zinc ions (Zn<superscript>2+</superscript>) play an important role in the development of vascular dementia (VD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). In this article, we reviewed the current comprehension of the Zn<superscript>2+</superscript>-induced neurotoxicity that leads to the pathogenesis of these neuronal diseases. Zn<superscript>2+</superscript>-induced neurotoxicity was investigated by using immortalised hypothalamic neurons (GT1-7 cells). This cell line is useful for the development of a rapid and convenient screening system for investigating Zn<superscript>2+</superscript>-induced neurotoxicity. GT1-7 cells were also used to search for substances that prevent Zn<superscript>2+</superscript>-induced neurotoxicity. Among the tested substances was a protective substance in the extract of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica), and we determined its structure to be like carnosine (β-alanylhistidine). Carnosine may be a therapeutic drug for VD and PD. Furthermore, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms that involve the role of carnosine as an endogenous protector and its protective effect against Zn<superscript>2+</superscript>-induced cytotoxicity and discussed the prospects for the future therapeutic applications of this dipeptide for neurodegenerative diseases and dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
22279059
Volume :
12
Issue :
6
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Biomedicines
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
178160930
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061296