When the window is a mirror: how do dominant theories limit our understanding of nature? (ESA 2023 INS23).

The article explores how dominant theories in ecology can limit our understanding of nature and emphasizes the importance of reflecting on the narratives and metaphors we use to describe natural phenomena. It presents case studies on sexual behavior, community assembly, plant-soil microbe interactions, and the impact of plants on microclimates to highlight the limitations of current theory and the need for pluralistic approaches in ecological research. The article encourages scientists to interrogate their values and politics and consider the cultural and societal influences on our understanding of nature. The first article discusses factors that drive plant community assemblage on islands, the second article explores the persistence of genetic polymorphism, and the third article discusses the importance of rethinking the way ecology is taught and the role of models in understanding nature. The summary of the panel discussion highlights the importance of understanding the limitations and assumptions of models in ecology. [Extracted from the article]