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Dietary patterns and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case–control studies.
- Source :
- Nutrition & Metabolism; 7/11/2024, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p1-17, 17p
- Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Background: Globally, HCC presents a significant health burden, characterized by high incidence and mortality rates. Epidemiological studies have increasingly suggested a link between dietary patterns and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet consensus on this relationship remains elusive. Objective: This study aims to synthesize existing literature and provide a comprehensive analysis of the association between dietary patterns and HCC risk through meta-analytical methods. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify studies examining common dietary patterns in relation to HCC, published up to August 2023. Study quality was rigorously evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. We employed a random effects model to synthesize effect sizes, calculating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: We identified 13 papers, of these 10 investigating a priori dietary patterns(index-based dietary patterns) and 3 focusing on a posterior dietary patterns (data-driven dietary patterns). Analysis of a priori dietary patterns revealed that higher scores in the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) & alternative HEI (HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54–0.85), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66–0.91), and the Mediterranean diet (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.56–0.75) were associated with a reduced risk of HCC. Conversely, pro-inflammatory dietary patterns were linked with an increased risk (HR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.58–3.09). In a posterior dietary patterns, a vegetable-based diet was negatively correlated with HCC risk (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49–0.81). Conclusion: This meta-analysis underscores a significant association between dietary patterns and the risk of HCC. Adherence to healthy dietary patterns characterized by high in vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and low in red and processed meats may confer a protective effect against HCC, whereas inflammatory diets appear to elevate risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- RISK assessment
MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems
DIETARY patterns
MEDITERRANEAN diet
STATISTICAL significance
RESEARCH funding
META-analysis
RELATIVE medical risk
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
SYSTEMATIC reviews
LONGITUDINAL method
MEDLINE
VEGETARIANISM
ODDS ratio
CASE-control method
MEDICAL databases
ONLINE information services
CONFIDENCE intervals
DATA analysis software
HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma
DISEASE risk factors
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 17437075
- Volume :
- 21
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Nutrition & Metabolism
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 178402307
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-024-00822-y