Solving optimal control problems governed by nonlinear PDEs using a multilevel method based on an artificial neural network.

A novel framework is proposed in this research based on multilevel method to solve the optimal control problem. In recent dacades, the mathematical theory of optimal control has rapidly developed into an important and separate field of applied mathematics. The solution of nonlinear partial differential equations is considerably difficult, and the theory of their optimal control is still an open field in many respects. These optimization problems have found diverse applications in various sciences including electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and aerospace. Current methods for solving this class of optimal control problems usually fall into two classes: discrete-then-optimization or optimization-then-discrete approaches. The proposed approach, however, does not require discretization as it involves rewriting the optimal control problem as a multi-objective optimization problem followed by its solution with a feedforward single-layer artificial neural network based on learning through by the multi-level Levenberg–Marquardt method. Moreover, the convergence of the approach was discussed and some numerical results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]