Participating and non-participating in Italy. The COVID-19 as a cleavage?

The COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine have had significant consequences for various aspects of global society, including the relationship between citizens and politics. This article explores how the COVID-19 crisis has impacted civic and political participation in Italy. To investigate this topic and provide insights, the two authors utilize data from the 'Italians and the State' survey conducted by the University of Urbino Carlo Bo's Lapolis, in addition to data from the Ministry of the Interior. The analysis reveals that the decline in electoral participation is part of a long-term trend that remained unaffected by the pandemic. While other forms of participation underwent a predictable drop during the most acute phase of the pandemic, they subsequently showed signs of recovery, indicating a general resurgence of participation in Italy. However, activities conducted exclusively online appear to have reached a plateau. This might suggest a growing disillusionment with the Internet itself among citizens. In conclusion, COVID-19 was not a decisive turning point but rather an event that intersected with existing long-term trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]