Auto-Scaling Techniques in Cloud Computing: Issues and Research Directions.

In the dynamic world of cloud computing, auto-scaling stands as a beacon of efficiency, dynamically aligning resources with fluctuating demands. This paper presents a comprehensive review of auto-scaling techniques, highlighting significant advancements and persisting challenges in the field. First, we overview the fundamental principles and mechanisms of auto-scaling, including its role in improving cost efficiency, performance, and energy consumption in cloud services. We then discuss various strategies employed in auto-scaling, ranging from threshold-based rules and queuing theory to sophisticated machine learning and time series analysis approaches. After that, we explore the critical issues in auto-scaling practices and review several studies that demonstrate how these challenges can be addressed. We then conclude by offering insights into several promising research directions, emphasizing the development of predictive scaling mechanisms and the integration of advanced machine learning techniques to achieve more effective and efficient auto-scaling solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]