عوامل موثر بر دمای سطح زمین در مناطق شهری مطالعه موردی شهر کرج.

The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon caused by rapid urbanization has become an important global ecological and environmental problem that cannot be ignored. In this study, the effect of influencing factors on ground surface temperature in Karaj city was measured and by using ordinary least square (OLS) regression, geographic weighted regression (GWR) and multiscale geographic weighted regression (MGWR) models, spatial heterogeneities of the factors were measured. We checked the influencer and LST.The results indicated that, compared with traditional OLS models, GWR improved the model fit by considering spatial heterogeneity, whereas MGWR outperformed OLS and GWR in terms of goodness of fit by considering the effects of different bandwidths on LST. The results showed that compared to the traditional OLS models, GWR improved the fit of the model by considering spatial heterogeneity, while MGWR outperformed OLS and GWR by considering the effects of different bandwidths on LST. Building density Normalized Difference Impervious Surface Index (NDISI) and traffic density had the greatest effect on high LST by 0.323, 0.246 and 0.260 respectively, while NDVI index, MNDWI and population density were negatively correlated with temperature. These findings show the need to consider spatial heterogeneity in the analysis of impact factors. This study can be used to provide guidance on strategies to reduce temperature in different regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]