Reflections on Railway Route Selection from the Perspective of Dual-Carbon Economy.

With railway route selection as the research objective from the perspective of dual-carbon economy, this paper analyzed domestic and international research on railway carbon emissions and route design. It elaborated in depth on the mechanisms and approaches of railway carbon emissions at different stages and highlighted the important role of route selection in reducing railway carbon emis-sions. Based on policies and the current situation of railway development in China, this paper explored ways to achieve carbon neu-trality. Additionally, new requirements for railway route selection design under the dualcarbon goals were analyzed. For railway route selection design under carbon constraints, principles based on carbon reduction and low-carbon targets were proposed. The study investigated key aspects of route selection design and conducted a technical-economic comparison focused on carbon reduction and low-carbon targets, offering suggestions. The results revealed that railway route selection affects carbon emissions in both the construction and operation stages. Therefore, carbon emissions should be included in technical-economic evaluations. At the same time, in-depth research and technical-economic analyses should be conducted based on technical standards, spatial positioning of routes, and the distribution of different structures along the route. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]