Microvascular invasion is associated with poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study and meta-analysis.

Background: This retrospective cohort study and meta-analysis aims to explore the association between microvascular invasion (MVI) and clinicopathologiccal features, as well as survival outcomes of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Material and methods: The retrospective cohort study included 30 RCC patients with positive MVI and another 75 patients with negative MVI as controls. Clinicopathological features and follow-up data were compiled. The metaanalysis conducted searches on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and WanFang Data from the beginning to 30 September 2023, for comparative studies relevant to MVI patients. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Egger Test were used to assess the risk of biases and certainty of evidence in the included studies. Results: The cohort study showed that MVI was associated with advanced primary tumor stage, high pathological grades, high tumor size, high clinical symptoms and lymph node invasion (P <0.05). Kaplan-Meier analyses demonstrated MVI was associated with worse CSS rates when compared to MVI negative group (P <0.05). However, in the multivariate analysis it was not presented as an independent predictor of cancer survival mortality (P >0.05). The meta-analysis part included 11 cohort studies. The results confirmed that patients with MVI positive had worse 12 and 60 mo CSS rates (HR_12mo = 0.86, 95%CI 0.80-0.92; HR_60mo = 0.63, 95% CI 0.55-0.72; P < 0.00001). Moreover, the metaanalysis also confirmed that MVI group was associated with higher rate of advanced tumor stage, pathological grades, tumor size diameter, higher rate of clinical symptoms and lymph node invasion (P <0.05). Conclusions: The presence of MVI in renal cell carcinoma patients is linked to poorer survival outcomes and worse clinicopathological features. In spite of this, it does not seem to be an independent predictor for cancer survival mortality in renal cell carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]