Metagenomic insight into the soil microbial functions across land uses.

Purpose: Microbial community composition in soil is shaped by land uses. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influences of land uses on functional gene profiles. Methods: The soil was sampled from three different types of land use. The metagenomic DNA was sequenced by Illumina shotgun sequencing. The functional gene profiles were annotated by NR, KEGG, CAZyme, CARD, VFDB and PHI databases. Results: The results showed that agriculture soil showed significantly higher ACE and Chao1 indexes in terms of taxonomic and functional genes composition than that in forest soil and park soil. PCoA and multivariate analysis indicated the influence of land use on taxonomic composition, KEGG ortholog, carbohydrate-active enzymes, antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors and pathogen-host interaction genes. Mantel test results demonstrated that organic carbon and phosphorus are critical drivers that shape taxonomic and functional gene compositions across different land uses. Human- and phyto-pathogens were indigenously present in soils and their compositions were influenced by land use. Conclusion: Collectively, our data demonstrate that land use impacts soil microbial taxonomic and functional composition via organic carbon and phosphorus, and imply the importance of land use management in soil function and soil health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]