Hesperidin and acarbose combination therapy modulates inflammatory cytokines and cardiomyopathy-related biomolecules in diabetic rats subjected to aerobic exercise.

Diabetes cardiomyopathy (DCM) refers to heart muscle damage. Inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the development of DCM. These cytokines can cause inflammation and oxidative stress in the heart, leading to structural and functional changes contributing to heart dysfunction. This present study investigated the cardioprotective property of co-administration of hesperidin (HSP) and acarbose (ACA) with/without exercise (EX) on tumor necrosis factor (TNF-ɑ), interleukin 10 (IL-10), anti-cardiomyopathic markers in diabetic rat. Induction of diabetes was via intraperitoneal injection of STZ at 50 mg/kg body weight to rats of 9 groups (n = 8), and confirmed via fasting blood glucose level (FBGL) and glycated hemoglobin. In the aftermath subjection to hesperidin and acarbose (25 mg/mL and 25 mg/mL dosing at 2 mL/kg/b. w respectively) with/without exercise for 14 days, the diastolic and systolic blood pressure was also conducted. At the end of the experiment, the heart tissues were extracted and homogenized, and used for biochemical assays such as; TNF-ɑ, IL-10, ACE, PDE-5, AChE, Arginase, LDH, 5′ Nucleotidase, ATPDase, ROS, TBARS, and GSH. The results revealed that there was a reduction in FBGL, blood pressure, ACE, PDE-5, AChE, Arginase, LDH, 5′ Nucleotidase, ATPDase enzyme activities, ROS, and TBARS levels while GSH level was increased in tissue homogenate of DCM rat treated ACA and HSP with/without EX. Interestingly, significant observation was in exercised rats co-administered with HSP and ACA compared to hesperidin or acarbose treated alone without exercise. Conclusively, co-administration of HSP and ACA to exercised DM rats had the most effective and promising effect in the management of DCM, therefore, recommends exercise coupled with HSP in combination with ACA as an effective therapy in the management of diabetes and cardiac complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]