The over-education wage penalty among PhD holders: a European perspective.

MLA

Cultrera, Loredana, et al. “The Over-Education Wage Penalty among PhD Holders: A European Perspective.” Education Economics, vol. 33, no. 1, Feb. 2025, pp. 53–75. EBSCOhost, https://doi.org/10.1080/09645292.2023.2277120.

APA

Cultrera, L., Rycx, F., Santosuosso, G., & Vermeylen, G. (2025). The over-education wage penalty among PhD holders: a European perspective. Education Economics, 33(1), 53–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/09645292.2023.2277120

Chicago

Cultrera, Loredana, François Rycx, Giulia Santosuosso, and Guillaume Vermeylen. 2025. “The Over-Education Wage Penalty among PhD Holders: A European Perspective.” Education Economics 33 (1): 53–75. doi:10.1080/09645292.2023.2277120.