Development and application prospect of stem cell combined with 3D printing technology for oral disease.

With organ transplantation facing many dilemmas, tissue and organ regeneration as an alternative has bright prospects. In regenerative medicine, Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology and stem cells has been widely applied to the treatment of diseases related to tissue or organ replacement in dentistry, respectively. However, there are very few studies on the combination of the two, and even fewer clinical studies have been reported in dentistry. In this review, the current oral tissue engineering in vivo and in vitro based on 3D printing and stem cell technology will be summarized, and the discussion on the development prospects of this research direction will be given. Besides, the working principles and advantages & disadvantages of several types of 3D printers, as well as the mechanism of stem cells in tissue engineering will be elucidated. This review provides clinicians and researchers with the current state of research and trends in the combination of stem cells and 3D printing technology to treat oral-related diseases. In the future, 3D bioprinters are poised for ongoing innovation with the advancement of relevant technologies, catalyzing an increase in clinical studies focused on treating oral diseases using stem cells and 3D scaffolds. Consequently, these developments will further advance the field of oral tissue engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]