Ridge-shape phase distribution adjacent to 180° domain wall in congruent LiNbO3 crystal.

The digital holographic interferometry is used in the dynamic and static measurements of phase variation induced by domain inversion. For the first time, to the authors' knowledge, they observe the existence of ridge-shape phase distribution adjacent to 180° domain wall in congruent LiNbO₃ crystal. During the domain wall motion, the phase variations are not uniform but have obvious relaxations. In the static measurement, the ridge elevation can vary linearly with the uniform electric field. The reasonable assumptions are proposed to explain these effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]