MANAGERS AND THE HI-HI LEADER MYTH.

In this article the author reports on research he conducted that examined managers' opinions on leadership and their perceptions of their bosses' opinions on leadership. The study also examined the relationship between leadership and need fulfillment, salary level and career progress. The findings suggest that managers tend to view their own opinions on leadership with greater complexity than they perceive in the opinions of their bosses. The author also notes that these findings should put to rest the hi-hi leadership paradigm that suggests that leaders should be high in initiating structure and consideration.