Influence of the anion on the electrical conductivity and glass formation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids.

Six ionic liquids based on the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation have been studied. As anions Cl^-, Br^-, I^-, [NCS]^-, [N(CN)₂]^-, and [BF₄]^- were selected. The electrical conductivities were determined between 173 and 393 K based on impedance measurements in the frequency range from 0.1 to 10⁷ Hz. The electrical conductivity increases, whereas the glass transition temperature, the fragility, and the low temperature activation energy decrease with increasing anion size. The results can be understood from the changing anion-cation interaction strength with changing anion size and from the energy landscape interpretation of the glass transition dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]