Shadow Education: Theory, Analysis and Future Directions.

The article presents a rejoinder to the articles "Racial Differences in Test Preparation Strategies," by Sigal Alon, and "Learning in the Shadows and in the Light of Day," by Eric Grodsky. The authors' opinions on the advantages of non-traditional education for students applying to higher education institutions are discussed, focusing on preparation for the SAT and other college enrollment tests. The differences in test preparations between black, Hispanic, and white students is also discussed, focusing on how students' preparations may be influenced by the affirmative action policies of universities.