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In Male Rats with Concurrent Iron and (n-3) Fatty Acid Deficiency, Provision of Either Iron or (n-3) Fatty Acids Alone Alters Monoamine Metabolism and Exacerbates the Cognitive Deficits Associated with Combined Deficiency.
- Source :
- Journal of Nutrition; Aug2012, Vol. 142 Issue 8, p1472-1478, 7p
- Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Concurrent deficiencies of iron (Fe) (ID) and (n-3) fatty acids [(n-3)FAD)] in rats can alter brain monoamine pathways and impair learning and memory. We examined whether repletion with Fe and DHA/EPA, alone and in combination, corrects the deficits in brain monoamine activity (by measuring monoamines and related gene expression) and spatial working and reference memory (by Morris water maze (MWM) testing] associated with deficiency. Using a 2 x 2 design, male rats with concurrent ID and (n-3) FAD [ID+(n-3)FAD] were fed an Fe+DHA/EPA, Fe+(n-3)FAD, ID+DHA/EPA, or ID+(n-3)FAD diet for 5 wk [postnatal d 56-91]. Biochemical measures and MWM performance after repletion were compared to age-matched control rats. The provision of Fe in combination with DHA/EPA synergistically increased Fe concentrations in the olfactory bulb (OB) (Fe x DHA/EPA interaction). Similarly, provision of DHA/EPA in combination with Fe resulted in higher brain DHA concentrations than provision of DHA alone in the frontal cortex (FC) and OB (P< 0.05). Dopamine (DA) receptor D1 was upregulated in the hippocampus of Fe+DHA/EPA rats (fold-change = 1.25; P< 0.05) and there were significant Fe x DHA/EPA interactions on serotonin (5-HT) in the OB and on the DA metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in the FC and striatum. Working memony performance was Impaired in ID+DHA/EPA rats compared with controls (P< 0.05). In the reference memory task, Fe-i-DHA/EPA improved learning behavior, but Fe or DHA/EPA alone did not. These findings suggest that feeding either Fe or DHA/EPA alone to adult rats with both ID and (n-3)FAD affects the DA and 5-HT pathways differently than combined repletion and exacerbates the cognitive deficits associated with combined deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- FATTY acids
COGNITION disorders
IRON deficiency
LEARNING
MEMORY
LABORATORY rats
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00223166
- Volume :
- 142
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 78269923
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.111.156299