Binary nature of monolayer boron sheets from ab initio global searches.

Boron could be the next element after carbon to form two-dimensional monolayer structures. Using the ab initio global searches, we found all low-lying monolayer boron sheets with 1-4 hexagonal holes in each unit cell. The two most stable boron sheets are composed of two kinds of elementary units with isolated-hexagon and twin-hexagon holes, respectively, so that the boron sheets are binary structures in nature. Detailed structural analyses indicate that there exist two types of close-lying stable monolayer boron sheets, revealing the polymorphism of boron sheet. These binary monolayer boron sheets are expected to serve as precursors to build various boron nanotubes, boron fullerenes, and other boron-based low-dimensional nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]