A Histopathological Study of Gastrointestinal Polyps in Tertiary Care Hospital, Nepal.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal polyps may be non-neoplastic or neoplastic lesions They are mostly asymptomatic and are common in the colon but may occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract Some polyps have an increased risk for malignancy so it is important to determine the histologic type and characteristics for treatment This study was undertaken to determine the histomorphological spectrum of polyps, their potential risk for malignancy and frequency in our center. Methods: This is a descriptive study which was carried out at Kathmandu Medical Colege Teaching Hospital for a period of three years from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2013 A Total of 67 polypectomy specimens were received and processed in the Pathology Department Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides were examined. Results: 47(701%) gastrointestinal polyps were non-neoplastic, 19(283%) were neoplastic and 1(16%) was an infracted polyp Most of the patients presented with rectal bleeding The age of patients for non-neoplastic and neoplastic polyps ranged from 3- 74 and 23- 78 years, respectively Amongst the non-neoplastic polyps, 21 (447%) were retention polyps, 14(2 98%) were inflammatory polyps, 10(21.3%) hyperplastic polyps, 1(2.1%) benign gastric polyp and 1(21%) non-categorized polyp The neoplastic polyps had 16(841%) adenomatous polyps, 1(53%) mixed polyp, 1(53%) fundic gland polyp and 1(53%) moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma 11(688%) adenomatous polyps had mild dysplasia, 2 (125%) moderate dysplasia and 3(187%) severe dysplasia Size of the non-neoplastic polyps ranged from 02-50cm and size of neoplastic polyps ranged from 03-60cm in diameter For patients presented with more than one polyps. Conclusion: Polyps have a diverse histomorphology and there is risk of malignancy in the adeomatous polyps so it is important to screen patients for treatment and cancer prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]