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Effects of salt substitutes on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- Source :
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; Dec2014, Vol. 100 Issue 6, p1448-1454, 7p, 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts
- Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Background: Clinical trials assessing the effects of salt substitutes on blood pressure (BP) have reported mixed results. Objectives: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to evaluate the effect of salt substitutes on BP, including systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). Design: Studies were identified via systematic searches of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang Data, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases through December 2013. Random-effects models were used to estimate pooled mean differences in SBP and DBP. Results: Six cohorts from 5 articles (1 trial enrolled 2 cohorts for independent intervention) consisting of 1974 participants were included. Pooled results showed that salt substitutes had a significant effect on SBP (mean difference: -4.9 mm Hg; 95% CI: -7.3, -2.5; P < 0.001) and DBP (mean difference: -1.5 mm Hg; 95% CI: -2.7, -0.3; P = 0.013). Significant heterogeneity was found for both SBP (I² = 76.7%) and DBP (I² = 65.8%). The sensitivity analysis indicated that the pooled effects of salt substitutes on SBP and DBP were robust to systematically dropping each trial. Furthermore, no evidence of significant publication bias from funnel plots or Egger's tests (P = 0.17 and 0.22 for SBP and DBP, respectively) was found. Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that salt-substitution strategies are effective at lowering SBP and DBP, which supports a nutritional approach to preventing hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- SALT substitutes
SALT-free diet
CARDIOVASCULAR disease prevention
HYPERTENSION
BLOOD pressure
CONFIDENCE intervals
GRAPHIC arts
MEDICAL databases
INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems
MAGNESIUM
MEDLINE
META-analysis
ONLINE information services
POTASSIUM
PROBABILITY theory
RESEARCH funding
SALT
SYSTEMATIC reviews
EVIDENCE-based medicine
PROFESSIONAL practice
STATISTICAL significance
RANDOMIZED controlled trials
PUBLICATION bias
DATA analysis software
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
EVALUATION
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00029165
- Volume :
- 100
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 99666659
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.089235