Carbon Dioxide Mineral Carbonation Through pH-swing Process: A Review.

The promotion of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction methods is due to the fact that the CO 2 concentration has been increasing rapidly in 21 st century. In order to prevent further damage of the environment caused by greenhouse gases, CO 2 concentration should be stabilized by increasing CO 2 fixation, which can reduce CO 2 emission into the atmosphere. Mineral carbon sequestration or mineral carbonation is the process of utilizing minerals, mostly rich in calcium and magnesium (Ca/Mg) as the feedstock in reaction with CO 2 to produce stable solid carbonates. Mineral carbonation through indirect pH swing process is a very effective method for producing calcium and magnesium carbonates. The Ca/Mg ions are extracted out of feedstock using suitable solvents at low pH condition and then in the second step the leached Ca/Mg ions are carbonated at elevated pH condition. In this paper the state-of-the-art of the carbonation involving pH swing method is updated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]