Unconditional and Conditional Standards Using Cognitive Function Curves for the Modified Mini-Mental State Exam: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses in Older Chinese Adults in Singapore.

The article discusses research on the significance of age and education in establishing a modified version of the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) for the study of cognitive changes in older individuals. Topics covered include age as a continuous variable, compared with age bands, in evaluating cognitive test scores, the difference between the quantile regression and the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Shape, and Scale, and the use of standards in confirming the changes in MMSE results.