SCALING.

With the development of social sciences, intuitive judgement is no longer a reliable means of measurement. Objectivity is one of the essential characteristics of the scientific method. Objective methods of measurement have therefore become necessary. The natural sciences make greater use of the scientific method. Social science data are often qualitative in nature. Convertion of qualitative data into quantitative data involves abstraction of a particular aspect of a phenomenon, neglecting the remaining aspects. Measurement involves mathematics. In order to know the nature of measurement, one ought to grasp the nature and application of numbers. This paper is oriented to the needs of beginners in social research. It brings out in detail various procedures for constructing unidimensional scales, which are indispensable for understanding the recent advancements in procedures like the unfolding technique and multidimensional scaling.