Neurological recovery after early decompression for dorsal Pott's spine.

• Early evaluation of Tuberculosis spondylitis is necessary to decide for the appropriate management. • Detailed medical history, meticulous examination, and prompt radiological investigation are important to reach for the right surgical decision. • Early surgical decompression with correction of deformity prevents neurological deterioration and promotes adequate functional recovery. Tuberculosis spondylitis or Pott's disease is the most common destructive form of skeletal tuberculosis. The most commonly affected site is the thoracolumbar vertebra. Once invading the adjacent structures of the vertebrae and intervertebral discs ultimately form an abscess causing spinal cord compression, vertebral collapse, and severe kyphotic deformity. We present the first-ever case done in King Fahd Military Medical Complex in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, of an 18-year-old male diagnosed with tuberculosis spondylitis who was complaining of progressive upper back pain and lower limb weakness. Emergent anterior decompression with expandable cage, plates, and screws were done. The patient showed a smooth and rapid recovery and was discharged with improved lower limb power and sensations. Pott's disease can lead to progressive neurological deficits in which surgical decompression is indicated. Current surgical practice includes anterior or posterior decompression with or without fusion and/or instrumentation. Surgery with either anterior or posterior decompression should assure complete clearance of the lesion, correcting the kyphotic deformity that prevents disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]