Enhanced piezoelectricity in lead-free halide perovskite nanocomposite for self-powered wireless electronics.

Lately, lead-free flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) have drawn much attention because of the threat posed by lead (Pb)-based piezoelectric materials to the environment. Here, we reported an organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHP) PENG, which is a combination of lead-free formamidinium tin (Sn) halide perovskite (CH(NH 2) 2 SnBr 3 (FASnBr 3)) nanoparticles (NPs) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer matrix. By using piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM) measurements, we unveil the excellent piezoelectric properties of the FASnBr 3 NPs with a high piezoelectric charge coefficient (d 33) of ~ 50 pm/V. Due to the outstanding flexibility and uniform distribution properties, the device demonstrated a maximum piezoelectric peak to peak output voltage of 94.5 Vp-p, peak to peak current of 19.1 μAp-p, and output power density of 18.95 μW/cm² with a tiny force of 4.2 N; these characteristics substantially outperform a number of the state-of-the-art halide perovskite based PENGs (Table S1). Given their high electromechanical energy conversion efficiency, the electrical energy produced from the PENGs was used to power a Bluetooth-capable system on chip (SoC) to build an entirely self-powered radio frequency (RF) communication system. For the first time, we established a self-powered RF wireless communication between nanogenerator and smart electronic devices which is solely based on a lead-free PENG. It is anticipated that the fabricated FASnBr 3 @PDMS nanocomposite PENG not only possesses outstanding performance and reliability but also serves as a stepping-stone towards achieving self-powered Internet of Things (IoT) devices built using environment-friendly perovskite piezoelectric materials. [Display omitted] • For the first time, we unveil the excellent piezoelectric properties of FASnBr 3 nanoparticles (NPs) with a d 33 of 5050 pm/V, for Lead-free PENG. • The PENG demonstrated an output voltage of 94.594.5 V p-p , current of 19.1 μA p-p , and output power density of 18.95 μW/cm² with a tiny force of 4.24.2 N. • For the first time successful integration of lead-free perovskite PENG in self-powered wireless communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]