Genetic structure and evolutionary relationship for cultivated rice resources from Guangdong province based on SLAF tag sequencing.

Since the success of rice dwarfism breeding, Guangdong rice varieties have played an important role in domestic rice breeding. According to the national "14th Five-Year Plan", the independent innovation of seed industry in China will aim at enhancing the competitiveness of core seed resources, and focus on the protection and utilization of germplasm resources. In this study, we carried out the analysis of genetic evolution, population genetic structure, and principal component analysis for 98 representative varieties including bred varieties in different periods and local varieties in Guangdong Province, and found that 43 old rice varieties and 5 local rice varieties had broader genetic basis, while 50 newly bred varieties had a relatively narrow genetic basis. Genetic evolution and pedigree analysis indicated that most of the old varieties originated from Guangchang 13, Nantehao, Aizizhan, Tangpuai and Zhuyin 2, while most of the new rice varieties were mainly derived from IR varieties, Jingxian 677, Guangchangai and Zhongxian 3588. These results indicated that the usage of foreign varieties had been strengthened in rice breeding and the utilization of the elite local germplasms was weakened, which may be related to the rising of three-line hybrid rice since 1980s. In conclusion, to establish the competitive position of core seed sources, the evaluation and utilization of local elite germplasms should be emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]