A two-stage planning method for design and dispatch of distributed energy networks considering multiple energy trading.

• A two-stage optimization model is constructed to plan the distributed energy network. • Considering the energy adjustment mechanism, two scheduling strategies are proposed. • Various energy sources can be traded to enhance comprehensive performance. Distributed energy network integrated by distributed energy system has significant performance advantages due to energy sources sharing. However, the incorporation of multiple distributed energy systems also complicates design and operation. This study constructs a two-stage optimization framework to plan the distributed energy network, which is driven by solar energy, geothermal energy and natural gas. First, the scale and operation status of energy equipment are optimized based on the economic, energy and environment performance of the energy network, and then the energy trading prices are optimized to enhance the economic performance of the energy system. In addition, two scheduling modes are constructed according to the dispatching strategy of storage unit and transfer unit. Finally, NSGA-II+ARSBX and TOPSIS are utilized to determine the optimal solution. The case analysis indicates that the best dispatching strategy is to first consider energy transfer units, and the annual cost, primary energy and carbon dioxide emissions are reduced by 1.30%, 10.82% and 14.56%. As for energy exchange, multiple energy sources are traded at very low prices or free from 10 pm and 6 am, while those are traded at relatively high prices between 6 am and 10 pm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]