Youth in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) and higher education nexus: Diffusion of innovations and knowledge transfer.

Research literature has underscored the growing engagement of youth in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). However, no published study has explicitly investigated the symbiotic exchanges on how youth in ASM transfer acquired knowledge and practical skills to educational settings and how they in turn transfer their acquired knowledge in higher education institutions to the ASM sector. Based on our inquiry in Ghana, involvement of educated youth in ASM had resulted in a) diffusion of innovations to the ASM sector, b) skills/knowledge transfer on mineral processing, c) knowledge transfer on health and safety in mining, d) provision of equipment repair and maintenance services, and e) transfer of legal knowledge and processes to the sector. With the transfer of mining-related experiences to educational settings, three sub-themes emerged: f) sharing of ASM experience and knowledge with peers and tutors, g) experiential learning and practical understanding of theoretical concepts, and h) enhanced higher education-ASM industry synergies. In relation to these findings, we argue that the future of the ASM sector in Ghana and broadly sub-Saharan Africa concerning cleaner production and environmentally safe mining practices, to a greater degree, relies on educated youth who hold enormous promise to champion innovation and knowledge transfer to the sector. • We examined (educated) youth in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) and their impacts on higher educational and ASM sectors. • Youth in higher education and the ASM impact framework explains the interrelationships of youth involvement in ASM and higher education and its (potential) impacts on the ASM industry. • Educated youth involvement in ASM results in diffusion of innovation to the ASM sector. • Knowledge transfers from higher educational settings into ASM can promote safer and cleaner production. • Industrial placement and internship programmes are important for students to enhance their knowledge about ASM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]