Analyzing the impact of various factors on leaf surface temperature based on a new tree-scale canopy energy balance model.

• A new CEB model related to tree canopy height was developed and validated. • This study provides a simple method for calculating leaf surface temperature (LST). • Analyzed the regulatory mechanisms of different factors on LST and CEB. • Provided a theoretical basis for simulating the impact of trees on microclimates. Trees are one of the effective ways to regulate the microclimate, while the environmental parameters influence their transpiration rate. These complex processes manifest at the macro scale through leaf surface temperature (LST). Therefore, the key to studying the influence of trees on the microclimate is to calculate the LST. In this paper, we propose a new tree-scale canopy energy balance (CEB) model related to tree canopy height based on the big-leaf model to calculate the LST and analyze the influence of various factors on both LST and each sub-term of CEB. The results indicate that air temperature and solar radiation have a greater effect on LST than relative humidity on it. When the total solar radiation flux remains constant, air parameters primarily affect the latent heat flux of trees through the vapor pressure deficit between leaves and the air. The transpiration rate of trees is influenced not only by air parameters, but also by stomatal resistance. Solar radiation can directly determine the magnitude of the net radiation flux in the CEB, while its influence on latent heat flux is insignificant. Under high solar radiation flux conditions, an increase in wind speed can mitigate the rise of LST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]