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Characteristics of two zoonotic swine influenza A(H1N1) viruses isolated in Germany from diseased patients.

Authors :
Heider, Alla
Wedde, Marianne
Weinheimer, Viola
Döllinger, Stephanie
Monazahian, Masyar
Dürrwald, Ralf
Wolff, Thorsten
Schweiger, Brunhilde
Source :
International Journal of Medical Microbiology; Mar2024, Vol. 314, pN.PAG-N.PAG, 1p
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Interspecies transmission of influenza A viruses (IAV) from pigs to humans is a concerning event as porcine IAV represent a reservoir of potentially pandemic IAV. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of two porcine A(H1N1)v viruses isolated from human cases by evaluating their genetic, antigenic and virological characteristics. The HA genes of those human isolates belonged to clades 1C.2.1 and 1C.2.2, respectively, of the A(H1N1) Eurasian avian-like swine influenza lineage. Antigenic profiling revealed substantial cross-reactivity between the two zoonotic H1N1 viruses and human A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and some swine viruses, but did not reveal cross-reactivity to H1N2 and earlier human seasonal A(H1N1) viruses. The solid-phase direct receptor binding assay analysis of both A(H1N1)v showed a predominant binding to α2–6–sialylated glycans similar to human-adapted IAV. Investigation of the replicative potential revealed that both A(H1N1)v viruses grow in human bronchial epithelial cells to similar high titers as the human A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. Cytokine induction was studied in human alveolar epithelial cells A549 and showed that both swine viruses isolated from human cases induced higher amounts of type I and type III IFN, as well as IL6 compared to a seasonal A(H1N1) or a A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. In summary, we demonstrate a remarkable adaptation of both zoonotic viruses to propagate in human cells. Our data emphasize the needs for continuous monitoring of people and regions at increased risk of such trans-species transmissions, as well as systematic studies to quantify the frequency of these events and to identify viral molecular determinants enhancing the zoonotic potential of porcine IAV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
14384221
Volume :
314
Database :
Supplemental Index
Journal :
International Journal of Medical Microbiology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
176101061
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151609