Comparison of Genetic Diversity Based on SSR Markers Between Peanut Mini Core Collections from China and ICRISAT.

Abstract: Mini core collection plays an important role in evaluating genetic resources of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). This study aimed at comparing the genetic diversities of a domestic and exotic peanut mini core collections and providing basic data for germplasm introduction and peanut breeding. The exotic mini core collection, which was introduced from the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT, Patancheru, India), consisted of 168 accessions, whereas the Chinese mini core collection consisted of 298 accessions. A total of 26 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of these genotypes and their similarities. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.49 to 0.99 among the total 466 accessions and the largest genetic distance was between “L2 Gangguo” from the Chinese core collection and “ICG12625” from the ICRISAT core collection. Among the 6 botanical types of peanut, the fastigiata type had the largest genetic diversity indices in both Chinese and ICRISAT mini core collections, which were 1.11 and 0.97, respectively. The hypogaea type had the second largest diversity with genetic diversity indices of 0.89 and 0.88 for Chinese and ICRISAT mini core collections, respectively. The genetic distance between the 2 mini core collections was larger than that within a mini core collection. Particularly, the aequatoriana genotype ICG12625 from ICRISAT had the largest differences to the Chinese genotypes. According to similarity coefficient and genetic diversity index, the genetic diversity was greater among genotypes from the Chinese mini core collection than that from the ICRISAT mini core collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]