Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Toll like receptor genes TLR-3 and TLR-9 in buffaloes.

The article presents a study that sequenced the 2 genes in Bubalus bubalis. Focal to the study is the role played by toll like receptors in the innate immune recognition. The study detected single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the two genes in different buffalo breeds, prepared gene tree and compared amino acid sequences with other species for construction of phylogenetic tree.