Re‐Establishment of the Atomic Composition and the Oxide Structure of Contaminated Titanium Surfaces by Means of Carbon Dioxide Laser and Hydrogen Peroxide: An In Vitro Study

Background: In clinical situations with peri‐implant bone resorption, re‐integration of the exposed implant surface is sometimes preferable, which requires a clean surface. Previous investigations have shown that cleaning of contaminated titanium surfaces using chemical and abrasive methods is difficult.