Causative species of harmful algal blooms in Chinese coastal waters

The frequency of harmful algal blooms (HABs) has been increasing dramatically since the 1970's in Chinese coastal waters, accompanied by a change of the composition of harmful algae. In this review, a list of causative species of HABs, some of which have been detected for the first time in this area, is provided. 12 main HAB species, including their morphological characteristics, their taxonomy as well as their ecology and impact, are illustrated in detail. Possible factors that are responsible for the shift of causative species of HABs are discussed. The development of HAB causative species in Chinese coastal waters deserves more attention and efforts in HAB monitoring and in HAB management in the future.