Cuprous Chloride Light Modulators*

The theory of the linear electro-optic effect in cubic crystals is extended beyond the treatments of Pockels and Schramm. Differences in the electro-optic behavior and the physical properties of cuprous chloride (CuCl) and the dihydrogen phosphates are discussed, with emphasis on the implications of their use in optical modulators. Techniques for growing CuCl are reviewed, and the design theory of video- and microwave-frequency CuCl light modulators is discussed. Finally, the construction and performance of some experimental microwave light modulators are described.