Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaf and Twig Oils of Litsea acutivenafrom Taiwan

The chemical composition, and antimicrobial and anti-wood-decay fungal activities of the essential oils isolated from the leaves and twigs of Litsea acutivenaof Taiwan were investigated. The essential oils from the fresh leaves and twigs were isolated using hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and characterized by GC–FID and GC–MS. Ninety-five and fifty-two compounds were identified in the leaf and twig oils, respectively. The main components of the leaf oil were γ-patchoulene (11.0%), δ-cadinene (6.3%), trans-muurola-3,5-diene (5.9%), and β-selinene (5.3%), whereas the main components of the twig oil were τ-cadinol (13.1%), β-selinene (9.6%), trans-β-ocimene (6.2%) and α-cadinol (7.7%). Bioactivity studies demonstrated that twig oil had excellent antimicrobial and anti-wood-decay fungal activities, superior to those of the leaf oil. For the antimicrobial and anti-wood-decay fungal activities of the twig oil, the active compounds were determined to be τ-cadinol and α-cadinol.