SalmonellaEffectors SseK1 and SseK3 Target Death Domain Proteins in the TNF and TRAIL Signaling Pathways*[S]

Many Gram-negative pathogens employ type three secretion systems to translocate specialised bacterial effector proteins into the host cell. Endogenous levels of arginine-GlcNAcylation by two Salmonellaeffectors, SseK1 and SseK3, were determined by quantitative MS-based proteomics. The effectors modified different host death domain containing signaling proteins required for inflammatory and cell death signaling. The study developed new tools to study host-effector interactions and established the importance of native levels of effector expression in distinguishing between authentic and misleading interactions and activities.