Evaluation of Lead Chloride Toxicity on Lipid Profile in Venus verrucosaGills

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of lead chloride (PbCl2) exposure at graded concentrations on the gills of Venus verrucosa. Clams were randomly divided into four groups: group 1 severed as control and groups D1, D2, and D3 were exposed to 1, 10, and 100 µg/L of PbCl2,respectively, during 7 days. The exposure to PbCl2increased malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxide, and hydrogen peroxide levels in a concentration-dependent manner. Results showed also decreases in the contents of total lipids, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, a decrease in the amount of omega (ω-3), docosahexaenoic, and eicosapentaenoic acids was noted. However, an increase of omega (ω-6) as well as arachidonic acid and its precursors’ (linoleic and eicosadienoic acids) was observed. This change was supported by a significant inhibition in the desaturase and elongase activities of treated gills. In conclusion, our investigation revealed that lipids and fatty acids alteration could be useful as bio-indicator of PbCl2toxicity. The content of lead was determined in dose-dependent manner.The fatty acid profile was assessed as bio-indicator of lead chloride gradual exposure.Desaturase and elongase activities were evaluated.