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The effects of dietary methionine restriction on the function and metabolic reprogramming in the liver and brain – implications for longevity

Authors :
Mladenović, Dušan
Radosavljević, Tatjana
Hrnčić, Dragan
Rasic-Markovic, Aleksandra
Stanojlović, Olivera
Source :
Reviews in the Neurosciences; July 2019, Vol. 30 Issue: 6 p581-593, 13p
Publication Year :
2019

Abstract

Methionine is an essential sulphur-containing amino acid involved in protein synthesis, regulation of protein function and methylation reactions. Dietary methionine restriction (0.12–0.17% methionine in food) extends the life span of various animal species and delays the onset of aging-associated diseases and cancers. In the liver, methionine restriction attenuates steatosis and delays the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis due to antioxidative action and metabolic reprogramming. The limited intake of methionine stimulates the fatty acid oxidation in the liver and the export of lipoproteins as well as inhibits de novolipogenesis. These effects are mediated by various signaling pathways and effector molecules, including sirtuins, growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis, sterol regulatory element binding proteins, adenosine monophosphate-dependent kinase and general control nonderepressible 2 pathway. Additionally, methionine restriction stimulates the synthesis of fibroblast growth factor-21 in the liver, which increases the insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues. In the brain, methionine restriction delays the onset of neurodegenerative diseases and increases the resistance to various forms of stress through antioxidative effects and alterations in lipid composition. This review aimed to summarize the morphological, functional and molecular changes in the liver and brain caused by the methionine restriction, with possible implications in the prolongation of maximal life span.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
03341763 and 21910200
Volume :
30
Issue :
6
Database :
Supplemental Index
Journal :
Reviews in the Neurosciences
Publication Type :
Periodical
Accession number :
ejs50715637
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2018-0073