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Enhancing Delithiation Reversibility of Li15Si4Alloy of Silicon Nanoparticles-Carbon/Graphite Anode Materials for Stable-Cycling Lithium Ion Batteries by Restricting the Silicon Particle Size

Authors :
Gan, Chuanhai
Zhang, Chengkun
Wen, Weidong
Liu, Yingkuan
Chen, Juan
Xie, Qingshui
Luo, Xuetao
Source :
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces; October 2019, Vol. 11 Issue: 39 p35809-35819, 11p
Publication Year :
2019

Abstract

Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) with a median size of 51 nm are prepared by the sand mill from waste silicon, and then carbon-interweaved SiNPs/graphite anode materials are designed. Because of the size of SiNPs is restricted below a critical fracture size of 150 nm as well as the rational decoration of carbon and graphite, fracture of SiNPs, and volume deformation of active materials are highly alleviated, leading to low impedance, enhanced electrochemical reaction kinetics, and good electronic connection between active materials and current collector. Furthermore, delithiation reversibility of the formed crystalline Li15Si4alloy is enhanced. As a result, the anode with 10.5 wt % content of Si (including SiOx) delivers a properly high initial reversible capacity of 505 mA h g–1, high cycling stability with capacity retentions of 86.3%, and 91.5% at 0.1 and 1 A g–1after 500 cycles, respectively. After cycling at a series of higher current densities, the reversible capacity recovers to the original level completely (100% recovery) when the current density is set back to the original value, exhibiting outstanding rate performance. The results indicate that the silicon–carbon anode can achieve high cycling performances with enhanced delithiation reversibility of the formed crystalline Li15Si4alloy by restricting size of SiNPs and decoration of carbon materials, which are discussed systematically. The SiNPs are recycled from waste Si, and synthetic strategy of anode materials is very facile, cost-effective, and nontoxic, which has potential for industrial production.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
19448244
Volume :
11
Issue :
39
Database :
Supplemental Index
Journal :
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
Publication Type :
Periodical
Accession number :
ejs51010961
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b13750