Single-Cell-Based Digital PCR Detection and Association of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coliSerogroups and Major Virulence Genes

Escherichia coliserogroups O157, O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145, when carrying major virulence genes, the Shiga toxin genes stx1and stx2and the intimin gene eae, are important foodborne pathogens. They are referred to as the “top 7” Shiga toxin-producing E. coli(STEC) serogroups and were declared by the USDA as adulterants to human health.