Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis with Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide versus Cyclosporine A and Methotrexate in Matched Sibling Donor Transplantation

•In matched sibling donor allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) was associated with lower rates of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) compared with cyclosporine A (CSA)/methotrexate (MTX).•GVHD-free relapse-free survival, leukemia-free survival, and overall survival were comparable in the PTCy and CSA/MTX arms.•In matched-pair analysis, PTCy was associated with a higher risk of relapse risk.