Development of an electrochemical model for a Lithium Titanate Oxide||Nickel Manganese Cobalt Battery Module

While PbA batteries still dominate the market in low voltage applications in contemporary vehicles, there are significant shortcomings associated with them that warrant the exploration of alternative chemistries. The demerits of PbA batteries can be mostly attributed to their low cycle life and fairly rapid health degradation. A promising alternative chemistry to PbA batteries for low voltage automotive applications is the LTO battery. It offers a similar nominal voltage while possessing exceptional life cycle. In this paper, an LTO||NMCbattery module is investigated for 12 V applications. A key aspect of an effective battery monitoring algorithm is development of an electrochemical model which allows the establishment of an understanding of the underlying aging mechanism of the battery as well as potential state of health estimation schemes. Hence, in this work first Padéapproximation is employed to develop a reduced order enhanced single particle model of an LTO||NMCbattery, and subsequently a multi-stage optimization process is introduced to estimate the parameters of the resulting electrochemical model. To this author’s knowledge, this is the first reported instance of these methods being applied to this specific battery chemistry.