Novel Synthesis of Reactive Disperse Dyes for Dyeing and Antibacterial Finishing of Cotton Fabric Under scCO2

In this work, four series of azo thiazole dye derivatives (4a to 4d) have been effectively synthesized using readily available starting materials and applied to color and polish cotton fabrics under supercritical carbon dioxide fluid. The new dyes have been analyzed using elemental analysis and standard spectroscopy methods. They are evaluated for hostility to pseudomonas, Escherichia coli, bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureususing the cup plate strategy at different DMSO concentrations. Remarkable results were obtained for antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus(G+ bacteria), and pseudomonas, Escherichia coli(G− bacteria) compared with selected antibiotics as a reference standard. Five process variables were investigated: pressure, temperature, dye concentration, time, and organic electrolyte concentration. All four dyes demonstrated excellent washing, rubbing, and perspiration fastness (color change and staining grade of 5). Outstanding different color hues and excellent leveling properties were shown on cotton fabric.